Italian Grammar Simplified: Understanding the “-e” Endings in Verbs and Nouns

If you’ve been learning Italian, you’ve probably noticed something: many words end in -e. From verbs like parlare (to speak) to words like andante (going) and studente (student), the pattern is everywhere. But is there a rule? Or are Italians just adding -e for style?

Here’s a simplified, grammar-based explanation—with real examples and English translations.

1. Infinitive Verbs in Italian End in “-are,” “-ere,” or “-ire”

In Italian, the basic form of the verb—the infinitive—usually ends in one of these:

• -are (e.g. parlare – to speak)

• -ere (e.g. leggere – to read)

• -ire (e.g. dormire – to sleep)

Each of these ends in the letter e. This isn’t extra—it’s part of the word’s structure.

Examples:

• Parlare – to speak

• Mangiare – to eat

• Amare – to love

• Correre – to run

• Vedere – to see

• Finire – to finish

These are not conjugated yet—they are the dictionary form of the verb.

2. The “-ante” or “-ente” Ending: Describing Ongoing Action

Some Italian words ending in -e aren’t verbs at all—but adjectives or participles made from verbs. These often describe someone or something performing the action.

Examples:

• Andare (to go) → andante (going/moving – often in music)

• Interessare (to interest) → interessante (interesting)

• Affascinare (to fascinate) → affascinante (fascinating)

• Stancare (to tire) → stancante (tiring)

• Divertire (to entertain) → divertente (entertaining)

In English, this is similar to words ending in -ing or -ent, like “interesting” or “persistent.”

3. Italian Nouns That End in “-e”

Many Italian nouns also naturally end in -e. This is not because they’re verbs—it’s simply how singular nouns are formed in standard Italian.

Examples:

• Studente – student (male)

• Chiave – key

• Gente – people

• Pane – bread

• Notte – night

• Classe – class

Some are masculine, others feminine. Gender in Italian isn’t always based on endings, but the -e is still very common across both.

4. Musical and Poetic Uses: “Andante” and Beyond

The word andante is well known in classical music. It describes a moderate tempo—literally, “going.” These kinds of words come from present participles and often appear in literature and poetry too.

5. Is There a Rule for the “-e” Ending?

Yes, and it’s part of standard Italian grammar:

• Infinitives naturally end in -e as part of -are, -ere, -ire.

• Present participles often end in -ante or -ente.

• Nouns can also end in -e, regardless of gender.

So Italians aren’t just “adding” the e. It’s a regular part of how the language works.

Final Thought

The “-e” ending in Italian isn’t random—it follows clear grammatical patterns. Whether it’s parlare as an infinitive verb, interessante as an adjective, or studente as a noun, the final -e serves a purpose. Learning how this pattern works will help you recognize word types, understand sentence structure, and build your confidence as you continue your Italian journey.